Breast cancer chemotherapy, including preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is the comprehensive treatment of breast cancer an important part of belonging to systemic therapy. Chemotherapy usually takes 6-8 cycles (usually 21 days for a cycle), is a comprehensive course of treatment in patients with a long painful period, the need closely with physicians and patients, especially in many patients taking the out-patient chemotherapy, as handled carelessly, may be more serious complications.
(1) pre-chemotherapy
1. Preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with biopsy as soon as possible after diagnosis to chemotherapy; postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy after the resumption of the operation (wound healing, generally after 1 month) started chemotherapy;
2. Must be measured before chemotherapy patient’s height, weight, to calculate body surface area, decided to chemotherapy dose;
3. Chemotherapy lines before the general recommendations of vein puncture to establish a long-term venous access in order to reduce drug leakage in injured tissues;
4. Preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy patients need in the line of sentinel lymph node biopsy before chemotherapy in order to identify axillary staging;
5. Hemogram patients before chemotherapy, such as heart, liver function tests normal, or by medical practitioners to assess whether chemotherapy.
(2) chemotherapy drug
1. Breast cancer chemotherapy drugs commonly used are: anthracycline (A, such as epirubicin EPI, compared with doxorubicin THP, etc.), taxane (T, paclitaxel or multi-docetaxel), cyclophosphamide (C ), fluorouracil (F), etc.;
2. Generally opt for joint programs, such as: AT, CAF, TAC, TC, AC-T, etc., generally 3-week program, or two-week program;
3. One cycle of chemotherapy infusion usually 3-4 days, chemotherapy drugs in general in the first, the next day with the rest to reduce the daily infusion reaction and enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy drugs, patients should know what a bottle is a chemotherapy drug and pay attention to drug reaction;
(3) chemotherapy side effects and treatment of
1. Bone marrow suppression: This is the most common breast cancer chemotherapy, and a side effect of error-prone, almost every patient bone marrow suppression and leukopenia occurred, the general rule is the first 3-5 days after chemotherapy, WBC began to fall ,7-10 days for the very period, followed by a gradual recovery. At this point, such as infection, improper handling of serious complications will occur. We usually check in 4,7,10 days routine blood test, in the first 5-8 days using l Baiyao (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor). Most patients require subcutaneous injection of chemotherapy through the very period of l Bai Yao. The pattern is different for each person should keep in mind the changes of their own bone marrow suppression. If after chemotherapy in patients with fever or a special weakness, should immediately check blood count and the doctor a timely manner;
2. Allergic reactions: yew-type drugs may have severe allergic reaction to a small number, it must be pre-processing. That is, in losing paclitaxel (chemotherapy is generally the second day) in two 12 hours before taking dexamethasone tablets, patients remember! Liposomal paclitaxel alone do not improve because of drug dexamethasone tablets;
3. Other adverse reactions: common are gastrointestinal reactions (nausea and vomiting), peripheral nerve injury, elevated aminotransferases, bone pain, etc., are temporary. Hair Loss Almost everyone will appear, so that patients distress, but also for the temporary, six months later will grow new hair, and some even more than the previous Fortunately, so do not worry.
(4) patients Attention
1. Chemotherapy attention to strengthening nutrition, and to easily absorbed, protein-based vitamin adequate, and to eat some raw food such as blood, liver, bone soup, etc.;
2. Can eat some raw blood of health care products such as the donkey-hide gelatin, jujube, etc. can also be oral Leucogen, vitamin B4, etc.;
3. Chemotherapy resistance decreased due to special attention to prevention of colds and so on, to strengthen the warm, in the first 2-12 days of chemotherapy, with a mask;
4. Vein care is a cumbersome task, especially between the period of chemotherapy, most patients are at home. Weekly intravenous catheter in general need to use heparin dilution red tube 1-2 times, in order to prevent congestion, wound dressing may be a week (for film) once.
